What is the result of chlorine reacting with organic matter in water?

The reaction between chlorine and organic matter in water leads to the formation of harmful byproducts, such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). These byproducts are of significant concern because they can pose health risks to consumers when present in drinking water. The formation of these compounds occurs as chlorine reacts with the carbon-containing compounds typically found in organic matter, which includes decaying plant material, microorganisms, and other organic pollutants.

Understanding this reaction is crucial in water treatment and distribution, as it highlights the need for careful management of chlorine dosing and the removal of organic material to ensure water safety and compliance with health regulations. The other potential outcomes listed do not directly relate to the primary concern regarding chlorine's interaction with organic matter in the context of water treatment.