Which type of valve can go from fully open to fully closed with a quarter turn?

The type of valve that can go from fully open to fully closed with a quarter turn is a plug valve. This design allows for very rapid operation, which can be crucial in many applications where quick shut-off is needed.

A plug valve consists of a cylindrical or tapered plug that fits into a matching port of the valve body. When the handle is turned a quarter turn, the plug rotates to either allow or restrict the flow of fluid, making its operation efficient and straightforward.

In contrast, a gate valve requires multiple turns to operate between the fully open and closed positions, which makes it less suitable for applications needing rapid cycling. Ball valves also operate with a quarter turn; however, the question specifies the plug valve as the answer, highlighting its unique design and operational capabilities. A check valve, on the other hand, automatically prevents backflow and does not have a manual position like the other valves mentioned.

Thus, the plug valve's distinct mechanism of operation with a quarter turn effectively fulfills the requirement stated in the question.