Which type of water storage tanks are typically elevated and provide pressure to the distribution system?

Overhead storage tanks are typically elevated structures that harness gravitational force to provide water pressure to the distribution system. By being situated above the supply network, they allow for a constant flow of water through the system, helping maintain adequate pressure levels as water is delivered to consumers. This pressure is essential for the efficient functioning of the distribution system, ensuring that water is able to reach homes and businesses, especially when water is drawn from faucets or fire hydrants.

In contrast, standpipes can also serve to store water and contribute to pressure, but they are generally designed for different operational purposes, such as balancing pressure in the system or providing emergency storage. Ground storage tanks are located at ground level and are typically used for storing water, but they do not exert the same pressure advantages as elevated tanks. Subtotal storage tanks seem to be an unclear or incorrect term within the context of water storage, as it does not represent a standard type used in water distribution. Therefore, overhead storage tanks clearly stand out as the structure designed specifically for the purpose of providing pressure in a water distribution system.